The
History of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil
and other Informatins
-
Hotel Pousada Peter - Art Gallery,
Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil
Bem
vindo! Willkommen! Welcome!
Bienvenido!
Bienvenue! Benvenuto!
The State of Pernambuco, Brazil
Recife, capital of the state of Pernambuco, shares with São Luis the distinction of not having been founded by the Portuguese: when they arrived in the 1530s, they settled just to the north, building the beautiful colonial town of Olinda and turning most of the surrounding land over to sugar. A century later, the Dutch, under Maurice of Nassau, took Olinda and burned it down, choosing to build a new capital, Recife, on swampy land to the south, where there was the fine natural harbour which Olinda had lacked. The Dutch, playing to their strengths, drained and reclaimed the low-lying land, and the main evidence of the Dutch presence today is not so much their few surviving churches and forts dotted up and down the coast, as the reclaimed land on which the core of Recife is built.
Out of Recife, there are good beaches in both directions. The Portuguese first developed the coastline as far north as the island of Itamaracá, growing sugar cane on every available inch. This erstwhile fishing village still retains its Dutch fort, built to protect the new colonial power’s acquisitions, but these days it’s a fairly blighted weekenders’ resort. Best is the coastal route south, where a succession of small towns and villages interrupts a glorious stretch of palm-fringed beach.
Head inland and the scenery changes quickly to the hot, dry and rocky landscape of the sertão.Caruaru is the obvious target, home of the largest market in the Northeast, and close by is Alto do Moura, centre of the highly rated Pernambucan pottery industry. If you plan to go any further inland than this you’ll need to prepare well for any kind of extended sertão journey, though it’s straightforward enough to reach the twin river towns of Petrolina and Juazeiro.
The State of Pernambuco, Brazil
INFORMAÇÕES
GERAIS :
Localização Geográfica: Região Nordeste do Brasil
Capital: Recife
Área: 98.938 km2
Clima: Tropical Atlântico (litoral) e Semi-Árido (Agreste e Sertão)
Relevo: Planície litorânea, Planalto Central, Depressões à Oeste e a Leste
Bacias
Hidrográficas: São
Francisco, Capibaribe, Ipojuca, Una, Pajeú
e Jaboatão.
Vegetação Característica: Mangue (mangue), Floresta Tropical (Zona da Mata), Caatinga (Agreste e Sertão).
Bandeira
 |
o azul - simboliza a
grandeza do céu pernambucano o branco - simboliza a paz o arco-íris - representa a união dos pernambucanos a estrela - caracteriza o estado na federação o sol - a energia de Pernambuco a cruz - a fé na justiça e no entendimento |
Brasão
 |
o leão - representa a
bravura do povo os ramos e a cana-de-açúcar - nossa riqueza o sol - representa é a luz cintilante do equador as estrelas - são os municípios de Pernambuco as datas - 1710 (Guerra dos Mascates), 1817 (Revolução pernambucana), 1824 (Confederação do Equador) e 1889 (Proclamação da República). |
História de Pernambuco, Brasil
Lutas e conquistas
Pernambuco
foi uma das primeiras áreas brasileiras ocupadas pelos portugueses.
Em 1535, Duarte Coelho torna-se o donatário da Capitania, fundando a
vila de Olinda e espalhando os primeiros engenhos da região.
A histórica cidade de Igarassu abriga uma preciosidade: a mais antiga
igreja do Brasil, Cosme e Damião, construída em 1535.
No período colonial, Pernambuco torna-se um grande produtor de açúcar
e durante muitos anos é responsável por mais da metade das exportações
brasileiras. Essa riqueza atrai novos colonos europeus que constróem
no estado um dos mais ricos patrimônios arquitetônicos da América
Colonial.
A
riqueza de Pernambuco foi alvo do interesse de outras nações. No século
XVII, os holandeses se estabelecem no estado. Entre 1630 e 1654,
Pernambuco é administrado pela Companhia das Índias Ocidentais. Um
dos seus representantes, o príncipe João Maurício de Nassau, traz
para Pernambuco uma forma de administrar renovadora e tolerante.
Realiza inúmeras obras de urbanização no Recife, amplia a lavoura
da cana, assegura a liberdade de culto.
No período holandês, é fundada no Recife a primeira sinagoga das Américas. Amante das artes, Nassau tem na sua equipe inúmeros artistas, como Frans Post e Albert Eckhrout, pioneiros na documentação visual da paisagem brasileira e do cotidiano dos seus habitantes.
Os pernambucanos se orgulham de sua participação altiva na História do Brasil, sempre mantendo altos ideais libertários, como na Guerra dos Mascates, entre 1710 e 1712; a Revolução Pernambucana, em 1817; a Confederação do Equador, em 1824; a Revolta Praieira, em 1848.
Com
o advento da República, Pernambuco procura ampliar sua rede
industrial, mas continua marcado pela tradicional exploração do açúcar.
O Estado moderniza suas relações trabalhistas e lidera movimentos
para o desenvolvimento do Nordeste, como no momento da criação da
Sudene. A partir de meados da década de 60, Pernambuco começa a ree
struturar sua economia, ampliando a rede rodoviária até o
sertão
e investindo em pólos de investimento no interior do estado. Na última
década, consolidam-se os setores de ponta da economia pernambucana,
sobretudos aqueles atrelados ao setor de serviços (turismo, informática,
medicina) e estabelece-se uma tendência constante de modernização
da administração pública.
Recife
Pernambuco, Brazil, 1600 ca.
Pernambuco and Recife, Brazil
Pernambuco, Brazil, 1640 ca.,
Archive of the University Siegen, Germany
Pernambuco and Recife, Brazil
Pernambuco, Brazil, 1640 ca., by Grapar Barlaeus
Pernambuco and Olinda, Brazil
By Jan Jansson of Theatrum Urbium 1657.
Pernambuco and Recife,
Brazil
Bigger Atlas of Jan Blaeu (son of Willem) 1662/ 1665.
ESTADO DE
PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL
É
um dos Estados do Brasil e está localizado na região
nordeste, tendo sido uma das primeiras áreas brasileiras
ocupadas pelos portugueses. Quem visita as cidades de
Pernambuco logo percebe que há muita história para se
contar: são monumentos históricos, praças, casarios e igrejas,
fortes, pontes e teatros.
Pernambuco 
é embalado por músicas, danças e folguedos que refletem
um pouco da sua rica formação cultural. Caboclinhos,
maracatus e passistas de frevo desfilam no Carnaval, em junho as
festas ju
ninas animam as cidades do interior, no Natal, os
pastoris celebram o nascimento de Jesus. A força de sua
cultura somada à riqueza de suas belezas naturais fazem de
Pernambuco um dos principais centros de atração turística
do Brasil, tendo durante todo o ano cores, sons, ritmos,
manifestações populares e a alegria de um povo que tem
amor por sua terra.
Division in the Regions
of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil
To extend the Map of
Pernambuco, please click here !
O Hino
de Pernambuco
A
letra foi escrita por Oscar Brandão
e a música é de
autoria de Nicolino Miranda.
Ouça o Hino de Pernambuco :
Clique AQUI para ouvir
Coração do Brasil, em teu seio
Corre o sangue de heróis - rubro veio
Que há de sempre o valor traduzir
És a fonte da vida e da história
Desse povo coberto de glória
O primeiro, talvez, no porvir
Salve! Ó terra dos altos coqueiros!
De belezas soberbo estendal!
Nova Roma dos bravos guerreiros
Pernambuco, imortal, imortal!
Esses
montes e vales e rios
Proclamando o valor de teus brios
Reproduzem batalhas cruéis
No presente és a guarda avançada
Sentinela indormida e sagrada
Que defende da pátria os lauréis
Salve ó terra dos altos coqueiros...
Do
futuro és a crença, a esperança
Desse povo que altivo descansa
Como o atleta depois de lutar...
No passado o teu nome era um mito,
Era o sol a brilhar no infinito
Era a glória na terra a brilhar
Salve ó terra dos altos coqueiros...
A República é filha de Olinda
Alva estrela que fulge e não finda
De esplendor com os seus raios de luz.
Liberdade! um teu filho proclama!
Dos escravos o peito se inflama
Ante o Sol dessa Terra da Cruz
To make the Download of the
Versions
of the Hymn of Pernambuco,
please click above !
Versão
Frevo - Alceu Valença
Versão
Forró - Dominguinhos
The Description of
the City Recife,
Pernambuco, Brazil
- Hotel Pousada Peter
- Art Gallery
Recife is the capital of the Federal State Pernambuco of the country Brazil and
the biggest city in the northeast of Brazil. The distance from the Hotel Pousada Peter to the centre of the city Recife is only 6 kilometers. The next bus stop is 300 meters far from the Hotel Pousada Peter. From there, the bus Amparo leads to the city centre of Recife. Recife is the biggest cultural center of the northeast with services of all kinds, like the health service and the tourism with numerous first-class restaurants. Beside of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro is Recife the thirdbiggest city of Brazil and one of the trade centers of the country Brazil. Due to its geographical location to Africa and Europe Recife
was always one of the entrance portals of South America and Brazil
. In former times there was
a fleet of commercialships of the colonial power Portugal. Still today
there are enormous harbor facilities which shows the importance of Recife as place of transshipment and commercial town.
Nowadays for the airlines is Recife the first station from Europe
to South America. Recifes International Airport (Aeroporto dos Guararapes), nonstop approached by
many capitals of Europe, is one of the most important starting points for the flight over the
Atlantic. Hotel Pousada Peter is 27 kilometers distant from the
International Airport Recife.
Recife has become their name from shell
reefs, which are
pre-aged to the coast. Recife extends over 3 islands
away.
Before occupation by the dutchmen in the year 1627 there
was a labyrinth of sumps and lay islands. Everyone of this islands has its special function. Thus the port and the large commercial centres lie on Santo Antônio, while the public
administration takes your seat on the island Recife.
Among the dutchmen there was freedom of religion and the 
former Street
Rua dos Judeus (Street of the Jews)
from 1636 - 1654 was the first jewish cumunity of
Recife and Pernambuco. Today the name of this street is Rua
do Bom Jesús (Street of the Good Jesus). This formerly Jewish municipality of Recife
established the first Synagogue of the both Americas Kahal
Zur Israel. The Jews were driven out by the
Portuguese and immigrated to North America and settled and founded in New
Amsterdam, the today's New York. In the proximity of the Rua do Bom Jesús the
military tower Torre Malakoff is, established in the year 1855. Not far of the dock before the place
Praça Marco zero
they are boat trips in the evening from thursday to saturday. They lead
to Barra by until the Pina bay, of where one can enjoy a wonderful view of Olinda.
In the quarter Bairro Sâo Jose is the restored
building of the station Estação do Metrô
(Terminalstation of the Subway) with the Museu do
Trem (Museum of the Train). The Metrô drives from there to the
Estação Rodoviaria, to the central bus station of the city
Recife, where are arriving and leaving all of the buses to other
Cities and States of Brazil. Oppositely is the restored building Casa de
Cultura (House of Culture), a former prison built from 1855 to 1857.
In the prison
cells
are numerous shops with beautiful art handicraft of Pernambuco. Recommendable also
is a visit of the Mercado de Sâo José
(Market of Saint Joseph), a building worth seeing of an old iron construction with a very popular market.
In the Fort Cinco Pontes (Fort of Five Points) there is the museum
Museu do Estado de Pernambuco. At the rectangular place
Pátio de São Pedro are the Cathedral
São Pedro (Cathedral Saint Peter) from the year 1782 and restored colonial houses with numerous Restaurants, Bistros and Bars. Each Tuesday takes place
for free at 20 hours p. m. the Terça Negra (The
Black Tuesday), meetings of African culture with lifemusik and dances
of Pernambuco.
It is very popular and worth to participate this events, because it is
a pure culture of Pernambuco mixed with African Culture. And nothing
is commercialized. Nowadays, the place Pátio de São Pedro is probably the most beautiful,
the oldest and the best antic restaured place in Recife. From
Hotel Pousada Peter to Patio de São Pedro is the distance only 6
kilometers. It is also value visiting the church Nossa Senhora do Carmo
nearby at the Place "Praça do Carmo",
too.
In the quarter Bairro Santo Antônio, at the
meeting of the rivers of Capibaribe and Beberibe, is the Praça
da República (Place of the Republic) with the Teatro Santa Isabel
(Theatre of Saint Isabel) with its neoclassic front worth seeing and the Law Courts
Palacio da Justiça (Palace of the
Justice). Right of it it goes to the Capela Dourada.
"The Golden Chapel" - it carries its names rightfully - originated
in 17. Century
as part of
a monastery convent. Their carved altars are completely gilded. Admits less, but not less worth seeing the neighbouring cloister with a multiplicity of tile pictures partly is, part from
portuguese and dutch manufactures of ceramicpictures of the 17th
century. In one part of the convention there is the Museu Franciscano de
Arte Sacra (Museum of Holy Art).
In the quarter Boa Vista in the road Rua Aurora
located on the river Rio Capibaribe there is an ensemble of restored houses, which show, how it probably looked once here before one hundred
years ago.
Between Recife and Olinda (3 kilometers to the Hotel Pousada Peter and also further 3 kilometer to the center of Recife), exactly on the city boundary of Recife and Olinda,
there is located the Centro de Convenções de
Pernambuco (Convention Center of Pernambuco), one of the
biggest and most modern of Brazil.
In the quarter Boa Viagem in the south from Recife is the beach
Praia de Boa
Viagem (Beach of the good Journey), which is protected by pre-aged reefs (in
portuguese reefs: recifes) against the Atlantic Ocean. Adjacent on Boa Viagem
is located the international airport Recife's Aéroporto dos Guararapes,
(27 kilometers to the Hotel Pousada Peter).
The celebrations, holidays and other
events are numerous during the whol
e year. Thus the New Year begins at the beach
"Praia de Boa Viagem"
and in "Recife Antigo".
The
"Carnival of Recife and Olinda" begins already many weeks before
in December with
innumerable balls and
removals, very recommandable. In Recife, the
Carnival festivities begin in December, as locals begin
preparing for the official Carnival, which starts the week
before Ash Wednesday. The pre-Carnival parties usually consist
of percussion groups practicing in local clubs, city streets and
squares, and even Carnival balls. There are a variety of rhythms
from native Indian and African Maracatu beats to Frevo and
samba. Carnival officially starts with the Galo da Madrugada, a
party in downtown Recife attracting as many as 20,000 costumed
partiers!
High point is however the
Carnival in Recife center
and particularily the famous Carnival of
Olinda. Even for the Brazilians is 
the
Carnival of Olinda the best Carnival of Brazil, becaus it is the most
authentic, most popular and less commercialized Carnival of Brazil,
because it is a pure Streetcarnival. Therefore
the overnight accomodation prices for carnival are in the historical center of
Olinda, the "Cidade Alta", highly like that as in Rio de
Janeiro and São Salvador de Bahia.
In the
week before Eastern there are then the passion plays "Paixão de
Cristo", (Passion of Jesus Christ) in Nova Jerusalem (New
Jerusalem), 200 kilometers.
I
n May and June there
are then
the June celebrations with the dance Forró, which takes place at many places of Recife and the
interior of the country Pernambuco, particularely the Festival of
Saint John, in the City of Caruaru, "São
João de Caruaru" (170 kilometers). At the end of October
there happens then an other Carnival named "Recifolia". It is more
another Carnival out of the regular, original Carnival. There are independently numerous celebrations of each kind during the whole
year.
Please
mouse-click on the pictures of the City Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, for close-ups !
Olinda
- The Description of the Town
The
Description
of the twenty Churches
of Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil
How
to get by Car
to
the
Historic Center of Olinda,
Pernambuco, Brazil
and to the Hotel Pousada
Peter
- Art Gallery,
please click here !
The Beaches North of Olinda,
the Cities Igarassu, Itapissuma,
Vila Velha, Itamaracá and Fort Orange,
Pernambuco, Brazil
are nice Places to make Excursions !
The Beaches
South of Olinda and Recife,
Pernambuco, Brazil,
Gaibu, Porto de Galinhas, Tamandaré,
are nice Places to make Excursions !
The Waterfalls
of Pernambuco, Brazil,
are Jewels of Brazil !
Parque
das Cachoeiras
Park of the Waterfalls of
Bonito,
Pernambuco, Brazil !
The
City
Brejo da Madre de Deus
Pernambuco,
Brazil,
with its prehistoric archeological place
"O Sítio arqueológico
"Furna do Estrago",
is one of the most important
prehistoric places of Brazil !
The
Map,
how to go from Recife and
Olinda
to the City
Brejo da Madre de Deus,
Pernambuco, Brazil !
THE
CARNIVAL
OF OLINDA,
PERNAMBUCO,
BRAZIL
-
CLICK
HERE,
PLEASE
!
PRE-CARNIVAL
AND THE CARNIVAL
OF RECIFE AND OLINDA,
PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL !
To see a Video
about the Carnival of Olinda
and
in Pernambuco, Brazil,
please click here !
To
hear the famous Music of the Frevo
of the Carnival of Olinda,
Pernambuco, Brazil,
please click here !
The
Beaches
of
Pernambuco, Brazil !
There
are many Excursions
from Olinda to the Beaches
of
Pernambuco, Brazil.
To see the Map of the Beaches,
please click here !
The
City Hall of Olinda
- Prefeitura de
Olinda !
Recife
- The Description of the Town
The Map and the Touristic Points
of the City Recife,
Pernambuco, Brazil.
Please click her !
To
know more about the first
Jewish Synagogue of North and
South America,
"Kahal Zur
Israel",
in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Please click here !
The
Hadassah News
about Recife
Pernambuco, Brazil !
THE
HISTORY
AND INFORMATIONS
ABOUT
THE STATE
OF PERNAMBUCO,
BRASIL !
THE HISTORY
OF BRAZIL !
